— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師評估一位庫欣氏症候群病人，應預期出現哪種臨床表現？
A nurse is assessing a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect?
- AIncreased muscle mass in extremities四肢肌肉量增加
- BTruncal obesity and moon face✓ 正解軀幹肥胖與月亮臉
- CWeight loss and dehydration體重減輕與脫水
- DHypotension and hyperkalemia低血壓與高血鉀
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
庫欣氏症候群 (Cushing's syndrome) 是由於長期暴露於過高濃度的皮質醇 (cortisol) 所引起的一系列臨床症狀。過量的皮質醇會影響脂肪、蛋白質和碳水化合物的代謝，導致脂肪重新分佈，蛋白質分解增加，以及水鈉滯留。這些代謝變化共同造成病人出現獨特的身體特徵，如軀幹肥胖、月亮臉、水牛肩和皮膚變薄、易瘀青等。護理師應熟悉這些典型表現，以便及早識別並協助診斷。
Excess cortisol in Cushing's syndrome causes fat redistribution to the trunk and face, resulting in truncal obesity and a moon face. This condition also leads to protein wasting, which causes thin extremities rather than increased muscle mass.