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降低風險 · EASY · MCQ

護理師照顧一位有跌倒病史的病人,哪項護理措施對確保病人安全最有效?

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of falls. What is the most effective nursing intervention to ensure client safety?

  • AKeep the call bell within reach✓ 正解
    將呼叫鈴置於可及範圍內
  • BApply physical restraints
    使用身體約束
  • CEncourage the client to get up quickly
    鼓勵病人快速起身
  • DKeep the room lights off at night
    夜間關閉房間燈光
Explanation · 中文詳解

核心概念:預防跌倒(Fall Prevention)在有跌倒病史的病人中的護理措施。 為何正確答案對: A. 確保呼叫鈴(Call bell)在病人隨手可及的範圍內,是預防跌倒最基本且重要的措施之一。當病人需要協助(如起身、如廁)時,能立即通知護理人員,避免其自行下床而發生跌倒。 為何其他選項錯: B. 使用身體約束(Physical restraints)應是最後手段,且需嚴格遵守醫囑與醫院政策,僅在評估為必要且其他方法無效時使用,長期使用會增加病人跌失禁、肌肉萎縮、皮膚損傷及譫妄的風險,並可能涉及倫理問題。 D. 夜間關閉房內燈光(Keep the room lights off at night)會增加跌倒風險,特別是對於視力不佳或對環境陌生的病人。應提供適度的夜間照明。 C. 鼓勵病人快速下床(Encourage the client to get up quickly)可能導致姿勢性低血壓(Orthostatic Hypotension),增加跌倒風險。應指導病人緩慢起身,並在床邊稍作停留。

Keeping the call bell within the client's reach is a primary safety measure to ensure they can summon assistance before attempting to ambulate. This intervention helps prevent falls by allowing the client to request help rather than getting up independently, which could lead to injury.

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