護理師照護一位心衰竭病史的病人。當病人表示呼吸困難時，哪項行動是優先的？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of heart failure. Which action is the priority when the client reports difficulty breathing?
- ACheck blood pressure測量血壓
- BListen to lung sounds聽診肺部音
- CCall the physician呼叫醫師
- DPlace the client in a high-Fowler's position✓ 正解將個案置於高福勒氏體位（High-Fowler's position）
心衰竭病人若出現呼吸困難，首要考量為肺水腫（Pulmonary edema）導致的氣體交換障礙。將病人抬高至高半坐臥位（High-Fowler's position）能利用重力減少靜脈回流至心臟（減少心臟前負荷），並讓橫膈膜下降以擴張胸腔，增加肺部通氣量。這是立即能執行且無需醫療指令的非侵入性護理措施，符合安全優先原則。
In clients with heart failure who develop dyspnea, the primary concern is impaired gas exchange due to pulmonary edema. Placing the client in high-Fowler's position uses gravity to decrease venous return to the heart (reducing preload) and allows the diaphragm to descend, increasing thoracic volume and pulmonary ventilation. This non-invasive nursing measure can be performed immediately without a physician's order, consistent with the principle that safety takes priority.