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照護管理 · EASY · MCQ

病人即將接受手術,誰負有獲得知情同意的法律責任?

A client is being prepared for a surgical procedure. Who is legally responsible for obtaining informed consent?

  • AThe hospital administrator
    醫院行政人員
  • BThe nurse caring for the client
    負責照顧病人的護理師
  • CThe nurse manager
    護理長
  • DThe surgeon performing the procedure✓ 正解
    執行手術的外科醫師
Explanation · 中文詳解

知情同意(informed consent)是病人醫療權利的重要體現,也是法律上保障病患權益的關鍵環節。在進行任何侵入性醫療程序,如手術之前,醫療機構必須確保病人充分了解該程序的性質、目的、潛在風險、預期效益、替代方案,以及若拒絕治療可能產生的後果。這個過程稱為「獲得知情同意」。在法律責任上,真正執行該醫療程序、對病人病情最了解、能夠詳細解釋手術細節與潛在風險的醫師,也就是執行手術的醫師(the surgeon performing the procedure),負有獲得知情同意的首要法律責任。醫師需要與病人進行充分的溝通,回答病人的疑問,並確認病人是在理解所有資訊後,自願做出決定。 護理師(The nurse caring for the client)在知情同意過程中扮演的是「見證者」(witness)的角色。護理師的職責是確認病人簽署同意書時是出於自願、意識清楚,且沒有受到脅迫。護理師也可能協助病人聯繫醫師,確保病人有機會與醫師充分溝通。醫院行政人員(The hospital administrator)或護理長(The nurse manager)雖然在機構管理和流程制定上扮演角色,但他們並非直接與病人溝通手術細節並獲取同意的責任主體。

The surgeon performing the procedure holds the primary legal responsibility for obtaining informed consent, as they must explain the risks, benefits, and alternatives of the surgery. While nurses witness the signature to confirm the client's voluntary participation and competence, they do not provide the detailed medical information required for informed decision-making.

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