— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在為一位經歷急性哀傷的病人制定照護計畫，應包含哪項介入措施以促進健康的哀傷過程？
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client experiencing acute grief. Which intervention should be included to facilitate healthy grieving?
- AEncourage reminiscing about the deceased.✓ 正解鼓勵回憶逝者。
- BDiscourage expression of feelings.discouraging 表達感受。
- CAdvise the client to avoid talking about the loss.建議病人避免談論損失。
- DSuggest that the client 'stay busy' to avoid thinking about the loss.建議病人「保持忙碌」以避免思考損失。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性哀傷（Acute grief）的護理重點在於支持病人表達情緒，而非壓抑。健康的哀傷過程需要「哀傷工作（Grief work）」，即透過回憶、談論逝者來處理失去的痛楚，並逐步將失去的現實整合進生活中。鼓勵回憶（A）能幫助病人確認逝者在生命中的意義，是促進哀傷過程的重要步驟。相反地，壓抑情感、強迫忙碌或禁止談論逝者（B、D、C）會導致哀傷延遲或轉化為病態哀傷，不利於身心健康。
Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions, including placing the client in a negative-pressure airflow room, wearing an N95 respirator upon entry, and requiring the client to wear a surgical mask during transport. Standard gloves are sufficient for routine care, and droplet precautions are inadequate because they do not protect against airborne transmission.