— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師在照護患有失智症並出現「日落症候群」的個案時，應執行哪些護理措施？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions should the nurse perform when providing care to a client with a history of dementia who is experiencing 'sundowning'? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the environment well-lit during evening hours✓ 正解在傍晚時段保持環境明亮
- BEncourage frequent, high-intensity exercise in the evening鼓勵在傍晚進行頻繁的高強度運動
- CProvide a calm and quiet environment in the afternoon✓ 正解在下午提供安靜平和的環境
- DMaintain a consistent daily routine✓ 正解維持一致的日常作息
- ELimit daytime napping to encourage nighttime sleep✓ 正解限制白天午睡以促進夜間睡眠
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
日落症候群多發生於傍晚，常因光線改變或疲勞引起。提供穩定環境、規律作息及足夠光照有助緩解不安。應避免傍晚進行高強度活動（會導致過度疲累而更躁動）。限白天午睡能增加晚間入睡動機。此類照護重點在於減少環境干擾並維持規律感。
Managing sundowning involves providing a calm, well-lit environment and maintaining a consistent daily routine to reduce confusion and agitation. Limiting daytime naps encourages nighttime sleep, while high-intensity evening exercise may increase restlessness.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國機構多強調『以人為中心』的照顧模式；台灣長期照顧機構亦逐漸推廣非藥物減緩失智症狀之護理策略。