— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
一位病人安排進行心導管檢查。為了降低潛在併發症風險，護理師應採取哪些行動？（選所有適合的）
A client is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Which actions by the nurse are most appropriate to reduce the risk of potential complications? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify the client's allergy to iodine or shellfish✓ 正解確認病人是否對碘或貝類過敏
- BAssess renal function test results✓ 正解評估腎功能檢驗結果
- CEncourage increased fluid intake prior to the procedure鼓勵在檢查前增加液體攝取
- DMark the pedal pulses for baseline assessment✓ 正解標記足背動脈搏動以供基線評估
- EAdminister prophylactic antibiotics給予預防性抗生素
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
心導管需使用顯影劑，對腎臟有毒性，故過敏史與腎功能（BUN/Cr）評估是降低風險的關鍵。術前需紀錄足背動脈搏動，以便術後監測血管阻塞情況。C 錯誤：術前應根據醫囑限制或維持水分，並非盲目增加液體。E 錯誤：非預防性抗生素的常規適應症。
Nurses must verify allergies to iodine or shellfish due to the risk of contrast reactions and assess renal function because contrast media can cause nephrotoxicity. Additionally, marking pedal pulses establishes a baseline to detect post-procedural vascular complications like occlusion or bleeding.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院常針對腎功能不佳者術前給予 NAC（乙醯半胱氨酸）預防顯影劑腎病變，美國各機構 protocol 略有不同。