— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師評估一位乙醯胺酚（acetaminophen）過量中毒的病人。最需要監測哪個器官？
A nurse is assessing a client for signs of toxicity after receiving an overdose of acetaminophen. Which is the most important organ to monitor?
- AHeart心臟
- BLungs肺部
- CKidney腎臟
- DLiver✓ 正解肝臟
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
乙醯胺酚（Acetaminophen）在肝臟中由細胞色素 P450 系統代謝。當攝取過量時，會耗盡肝臟內的穀胱甘肽（Glutathione），導致具毒性的代謝產物（NAPQI）累積，直接造成肝細胞壞死。因此，評估過量中毒最重要的指標是肝功能檢查（AST/ALT），嚴重者可能導致急性肝衰竭。護理師需監測肝損傷徵象（黃疸、凝血功能異常）。
Acetaminophen is metabolized in the liver, and an overdose depletes glutathione, leading to the accumulation of the toxic metabolite NAPQI which causes hepatocellular necrosis. Therefore, the liver is the primary organ at risk, and nurses must monitor for signs of liver failure such as elevated AST/ALT levels and jaundice.