— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照護一位躁鬱症第一型（躁期）的病人，應採取哪些策略？（選所有適合的）
A psychiatric nurse is caring for a client with Bipolar I disorder in a manic phase. Which strategies should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)
- AProvide high-calorie, finger foods that are easy to carry✓ 正解提供高熱量、手指食物，方便攜帶
- BMaintain a low-stimulation environment✓ 正解維持低刺激環境
- CEncourage group activities to improve social skills鼓勵團體活動以增進社交技巧
- DSet firm, consistent limits on inappropriate behavior✓ 正解對不當行為設定堅定且一致的界限
- EOffer frequent opportunities for complex decision-making提供頻繁進行複雜決策的機會
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
躁期病人因活動量大、注意力分散，需提供易於攝取的高熱量食物，環境應減少刺激以防止過度興奮。訂立界線能提供安全感並減少病人的失控行為。C 錯誤，躁期病人無法參與複雜團體活動；E 錯誤，應簡化決策以減少壓力與焦慮。
The nurse should maintain a low-stimulation environment and set firm, consistent limits to manage the client's agitation and ensure safety. Providing high-calorie finger foods addresses nutritional needs during hyperactivity, while avoiding complex group activities or decisions that could increase stress.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美式護理強調「低刺激環境（Low-stimulation environment）」配置，台灣因病房空間設計限制較難完全執行，多以藥物管控為主。