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降低風險 · HARD · MCQ

護理師照護一位接受靜脈化療藥物病人,發生藥物外滲。優先護理措施為何?

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intravenous (IV) chemotherapy and develops extravasation. What is the priority nursing action?

  • AApply a cold compress to the site
    在患處施加冷敷
  • BAdminister an antidote as prescribed
    依醫囑給予解毒劑
  • CImmediately stop the infusion✓ 正解
    立即停止輸注
  • DElevate the affected extremity
    抬高患肢
Explanation · 中文詳解

化療藥物外滲(Extravasation)是指具刺激性或發泡性藥物滲入血管周圍組織,可能導致組織壞死。護理的第一優先原則是「停止輸注(Stop the infusion)」,這能立即中斷藥物繼續滲入組織,是降低傷害的最關鍵步驟。後續措施(如是否冰敷或熱敷、是否投予解毒劑)皆須依據藥物種類及機構指引決定,但前提必須是先停止輸注。

The priority nursing action for IV chemotherapy extravasation is to immediately stop the infusion to prevent further tissue damage. Subsequent steps, such as applying compresses or administering antidotes, depend on the specific drug but always follow discontinuation.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國臨床對於化療外滲的處理非常依賴各單位的「化療藥物外滲指引(Extravasation Protocol)」,護理師需在臨床執行前清楚該單位的藥物解毒劑存放位置(通常在化療車上)。

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