— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備對低血鉀病人給予靜脈輸注氯化鉀。下列何項安全措施必須遵守？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV to a client with hypokalemia. Which of the following safety measures must be followed?
- ADiscontinue cardiac monitoring if the potassium levels are above 3.0 mEq/L若鉀離子濃度高於 3.0 mEq/L，則停止心電圖監測
- BUse an IV pump to infuse over 30 minutes使用靜脈輸注幫浦在 30 分鐘內輸注
- CAdminister via IV push to achieve rapid results✓ 正解經靜脈推注以達快速效果
- DEnsure the concentration does not exceed 10 mEq/100 mL for peripheral infusion確保周邊輸注之濃度不超過 10 mEq/100 mL
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀具有極強的組織刺激性，絕對禁止直接靜脈推注（IV push），否則會導致心跳停止。周邊靜脈輸注濃度應限制在 10 mEq/100 mL，且輸注速度不能過快，需使用幫浦定速監控，以防心律不整發生。
Potassium chloride must never be administered via IV push because it can cause immediate cardiac arrest. It should be diluted appropriately and infused slowly using an IV pump to prevent phlebitis and dangerous electrolyte imbalances.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對於高危藥物輸注的規範相似，但美方多設有專門的靜脈輸液治療團隊 (IV team) 協助監測。