— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備給予氯化鉀靜脈注射，哪項評估對於預防嚴重不良事件至關重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV. Which assessment is essential to prevent a serious adverse event?
- ACheck the client's blood pressure測量病人血壓
- BMonitor the client's hourly urine output✓ 正解監測病人每小時尿量
- CVerify the presence of a blood return確認有回血
- DAssess the client's respiratory rate評估病人呼吸頻率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子（Potassium）主要經由腎臟排泄。若病人腎功能受損導致少尿（Oliguria）或無尿（Anuria），給予靜脈鉀離子會導致血鉀迅速飆升，引發致命性的高血鉀症（Hyperkalemia），進而造成心室顫動或心跳停止。因此，在給予鉀補充劑前，確保腎臟有足夠的排泄能力（尿量穩定）是絕對的安全門檻。
Since potassium is primarily excreted by the kidneys, monitoring hourly urine output is essential to ensure adequate renal function before administering IV potassium. Inadequate urine output indicates impaired excretion, which could lead to life-threatening hyperkalemia, ventricular fibrillation, or cardiac arrest if potassium supplementation continues.