一位有深層靜脈血栓（DVT）病史的病人被處方 Warfarin。護理師應提供哪些重要指示？
A client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is prescribed warfarin. Which instruction is essential for the nurse to provide?
- AAvoid foods high in vitamin K避免攝取富含維生素K的食物
- BReport any signs of bleeding✓ 正解報告任何出血跡象
- CMonitor INR daily每日監測INR
- DTake the medication at bedtime於就寢時服藥
Warfarin 的主要風險是出血。因此，教育病人識別並回報任何出血跡象（如牙齦出血、鼻血、黑便、血尿、皮下瘀血）至關重要。雖然需監測 INR，但每日監測通常僅限於初期；避免維生素 K 食物需適度（非完全避免）；睡前服藥與藥效無關。
Because warfarin significantly increases the risk of bleeding, it is essential to instruct the client to recognize and report any signs of hemorrhage, such as gum bleeding, epistaxis, melena, hematuria, or unexplained bruising. Clients should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods rather than avoiding them entirely, and INR monitoring frequency varies based on stability. Consistency in medication timing is more important than specifically taking it at bedtime.
美國病人教育常強調 Warfarin 的飲食限制及 INR 監測；台灣亦然，但病人對 INR 的理解程度可能因教育資源而異。