— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備給藥，下列哪項措施最能預防用藥錯誤？
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client. Which of the following nursing actions best prevents medication errors?
- ACheck the client's allergy bracelet檢查病人過敏手環
- BVerify the medication against the MAR using barcode scanning✓ 正解使用條碼掃描核對藥物與用藥紀錄
- CReview the physician's order for accuracy審查醫師處方的準確性
- DAsk the client to state their name and date of birth請病人報出姓名和出生日期
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
給藥安全的核心在於「五個對」（Five Rights）。條碼給藥系統（Barcode Medication Administration, BCMA）透過電子掃描，將病人的腕帶代碼與藥物條碼進行數位核對，能即時偵測給藥錯誤（如給錯人、給錯藥、給錯劑量）。這是目前臨床上預防人為判斷失誤最有效的科技防護措施。
Barcode Medication Administration (BCMA) is the most effective method for preventing medication errors as it provides an automated check against the Medication Administration Record. This technology verifies the right patient, drug, dose, route, and time, reducing reliance on manual verification alone.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫療機構普遍全面實施 BCMA 與電子病歷（EMR）整合。台灣大型醫院亦已普及，但美國醫院對於「掃描未完成不得給藥」的流程紀律（Workflow compliance）通常要求極為嚴格，違規可能導致嚴重的行政處分。