護理師照護一位放置胸管的術後病人,發現水封瓶持續冒泡。護理師應優先採取何種行動?
A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has a chest tube. The nurse observes continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber. Which action should the nurse take first?
- AIncrease the suction pressure on the wall regulator增加牆面調節器的抽吸壓力
- BClamp the chest tube immediately to prevent pneumothorax立即夾住胸管以防止氣胸
- CDocument the finding in the electronic health record將此發現記錄於電子健康病歷中
- DCheck the connections of the drainage system for air leaks✓ 正解檢查引流系統的連接處是否有漏氣
核心概念:胸管引流系統(chest tube drainage system)的判讀與異常處理。 為什麼正確答案 D 對:胸管水封瓶(water seal chamber)持續冒泡(continuous bubbling)通常表示系統中有空氣進入,形成「氣漏」(air leak)。這可能是因為胸管連接處鬆脫、引流袋破損,或是胸壁有漏氣點。護理師應立即檢查從病人胸壁插入處開始,一路檢查至水封瓶的所有連接點(如管路接縫、引流袋接口),找出並排除氣漏來源,以確保引流系統的密閉性,防止更多空氣進入胸腔。 為什麼其他選項錯: B. 夾閉胸管(clamping the chest tube)是危險的行為,除非有特定醫囑(例如更換引流瓶或評估氣漏時),否則在持續冒泡的情況下夾管,可能導致空氣無法排出,進而引發張力性氣胸(tension pneumothorax),這是一種危及生命的狀況。 C. 增加抽吸壓力(suction pressure)並不能解決氣漏問題,反而可能因為過強的負壓導致組織損傷或水封瓶內液體過度蒸發。 D. 文件記錄(documenting)是必要的,但應在採取必要措施後進行。發現持續冒泡是臨床異常情況,需要立即處理,而非僅僅記錄。 臨床思路:此題考量的是「病人安全」與「優先順序」。胸管系統持續冒泡是潛在的氣漏警訊,可能影響引流效果甚至導致氣胸。護理師應優先排除氣漏原因,確保引流系統正常運作,這是最緊急的處理步驟。
Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber indicates an air leak within the drainage system, which requires immediate identification and correction. The nurse should first check all connections for loose fittings or breaks to restore system integrity. Clamping the tube is contraindicated due to the risk of tension pneumothorax, and increasing suction does not resolve the leak.