— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位置放鼻胃管（NG）的病人，下列哪些給藥行動是安全的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which actions are safe for medication administration? (Select all that apply.)
- ACrush all enteric-coated tablets for easier delivery將所有腸衣錠碾碎以便給予
- BVerify tube placement before administering medication✓ 正解給藥前確認管路位置
- CFlush the tube with water before and after medications✓ 正解給藥前後以清水沖洗管路
- DMix all medications together in one syringe將所有藥物混合於同一支注射器中
- EElevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees✓ 正解將床頭抬高至少 30 度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鼻胃管（NG tube）給藥必須嚴格遵守安全規範。首要任務是確定位子（確認管路在胃部而非氣管），給藥前後徹底沖管可預防管路阻塞與藥物殘留。抬高床頭是預防病人發生吸入性肺炎（aspiration pneumonia）的基本安全措施。對於腸衣錠或緩釋劑型，絕對不可壓碎，因為這會改變藥物的吸收機轉與效價。
When administering medications via a nasogastric tube, the nurse must verify tube placement to prevent aspiration and elevate the head of the bed at least 30 degrees. Flushing the tube with water before and after medication prevents clogging and ensures complete delivery. Enteric-coated tablets should never be crushed, and mixing medications in one syringe is unsafe due to potential chemical interactions.