— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人正接受靜脈注射萬古黴素，輸注數分鐘後，護理師發現病人臉部、頸部及上軀幹出現潮紅。優先的護理處置為何？
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin. The nurse observes the client developing flushing of the face, neck, and upper trunk within minutes of the infusion starting. What is the priority nursing intervention?
- ADiscontinue the infusion immediately立即停止輸注
- BObtain a blood pressure reading測量血壓
- CAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- DSlow down the infusion rate✓ 正解減慢輸注速率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）輸注過快常導致紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），這是由於藥物引發組織胺（Histamine）大量釋放所致。臨床表現包括臉、頸、胸部潮紅、搔癢及低血壓。護理師發現此現象時，優先行動為減慢輸注速率，這通常能緩解症狀。若狀況未改善或出現嚴重過敏反應（如呼吸困難），才考慮停止輸注。
The priority intervention for Red Man Syndrome is to slow the infusion rate, as this reaction is caused by rapid histamine release. Discontinuing the infusion is typically reserved for severe reactions like hypotension or anaphylaxis, while antihistamines may be administered but do not address the immediate cause as effectively as adjusting the rate.