— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位疑似重症肌無力的病人，應預期出現哪些症狀？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected diagnosis of Myasthenia Gravis. Which symptoms should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)
- APtosis✓ 正解眼瞼下垂
- BDiplopia✓ 正解複視
- CMuscle weakness that improves with rest✓ 正解休息後改善的肌肉無力
- DFixed, dilated pupils固定且散大的瞳孔
- EMuscle weakness that worsens with rest休息後惡化的肌肉無力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
重症肌無力（MG）是由於神經肌肉接合處受損。臨床典型表現為眼瞼下垂（Ptosis）、複視（Diplopia），以及肌肉無力感隨活動加重，隨休息改善。瞳孔放大（D）與休息後變差（E）皆非本病特徵，前者通常是神經損傷，後者與肌無力病理不符。
Myasthenia gravis typically presents with ocular symptoms such as ptosis and diplopia due to weakness of the extraocular muscles. A hallmark characteristic is muscle weakness that worsens with activity and improves with rest. Pupils remain unaffected, and weakness does not worsen with rest, distinguishing it from other neuromuscular disorders.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常執行冰敷測試（Ice pack test）來輔助篩檢，台灣通常直接安排神經內科醫師執行肌電圖檢查。