— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位急性胰臟炎病患主訴上腹部劇痛並放射至背部。護理師應優先監測哪項臨床指標，以預防常見併發症？
A client with acute pancreatitis reports severe epigastric pain radiating to the back. Which clinical finding should the nurse prioritize to monitor for a common complication?
- ASerum calcium levels✓ 正解血清鈣濃度
- BBlood glucose levels血糖濃度
- CWhite blood cell count白血球計數
- DUrine output尿量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎（Acute Pancreatitis）常因胰臟酵素外溢引發腹膜後脂肪壞死。釋放的游離脂肪酸會與血清鈣離子結合，導致低血鈣（Hypocalcemia）。低血鈣會增加神經肌肉興奮性，導致抽搐（Tetany）、Trousseau徵象或Chvostek徵象，嚴重時可能引發致命的心律不整，因此監測血鈣水平是預防併發症的關鍵。
Hypocalcemia is a critical complication of acute pancreatitis caused by saponification, where fatty acids released from fat necrosis bind with serum calcium. Monitoring serum calcium levels is essential to detect this electrolyte imbalance, which can lead to neuromuscular irritability and life-threatening arrhythmias.