— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正在照顧一位新置入導尿管的病人。下列哪項措施對預防泌尿道感染（UTI）最重要？
A nurse is caring for a client with a newly inserted urinary catheter. Which intervention is most important to prevent a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
- ACleanse the perineal area daily每日清潔會陰區域
- BEncourage increased fluid intake鼓勵增加液體攝取
- CAdminister prophylactic antibiotics給予預防性抗生素
- DKeep the drainage bag below the level of the bladder✓ 正解保持引流袋低於膀胱水平
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
導尿管相關泌尿道感染（CAUTI）是常見的醫療照護相關感染。維持引流袋低於膀胱位置是基於重力原則，防止尿液回流（Reflux）進入膀胱，因為回流的尿液可能帶有病原體導致感染。此為護理預防感染的核心安全標準，護理師應確保引流管無扭曲，並定期評估導尿必要性以儘早移除（Nurse-driven protocol）。
Maintaining a closed drainage system is critical to preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). Keeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder uses gravity to prevent retrograde flow of urine, which could introduce pathogens into the bladder.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院極度強調以「護理師主導的移除計畫（Nurse-driven removal protocol）」來減少導尿管使用時間，台灣則較依賴醫師醫囑。