— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位精神分裂症病人出現負性症狀。下列哪項觀察結果支持此發現？
A client with schizophrenia is exhibiting negative symptoms. Which observation supports this finding?
- ADemonstrating command hallucinations展現命令性幻聽
- BShowing flat affect and social withdrawal✓ 正解呈現情感平淡與社交退縮
- CReporting auditory hallucinations報告聽覺幻聽
- DExhibiting disorganized speech patterns表現出混亂的語言模式
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
精神分裂症的症狀分為陽性與負性。陽性症狀包括幻覺、妄想、混亂言語；負性症狀則為功能缺失，如情感淡漠（flat affect）、社交退縮（social withdrawal）、無意志力（avolition）、言語貧乏等。B 為典型的負性症狀表現。
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia involve a loss or deficit of normal functions, such as flat affect, social withdrawal, avolition, and alogia. In contrast, positive symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech. Therefore, observing flat affect and social withdrawal supports the finding of negative symptoms.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在 DSM-5 指導下，台美對精神分裂症（統合失調症）的診斷分類與症狀定義一致，但在病名上台灣已改稱統合失調症以降低污名化。