護理師準備給予病人用藥，何項措施最能確保用藥安全？
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client. Which action best ensures client safety regarding medication administration?
- AVerify the medication order with the pharmacist if the dosage seems unusual.若劑量看似異常，應與藥師核對用藥醫囑
- BCheck the client's identification band and ask the client to state their name and date of birth before administration.✓ 正解給藥前檢查病人識別手環並請病人自報姓名及出生日期
- CAdminister the medication based on the client's verbal identification.根據病人的口頭識別給予用藥
- DDocument the administration immediately after preparing the medication.準備好藥物後立即記錄給藥
確保病人用藥安全是護理師的核心職責，其中最關鍵的步驟是正確辨識病人。執行「雙重辨識」（two identifiers）是美國醫療機構普遍採用的安全措施，能有效預防用藥錯誤、輸血錯誤或任何侵入性治療的錯誤。這包括核對病人的手圈（identification band）上的資訊，並詢問病人說出自己的全名和出生日期（或病歷號碼）。只有當兩者資訊一致時，才能確保正在為正確的病人執行醫囑。藥師核對醫囑、記錄用藥時間點等也是安全措施的一部分，但病人辨識是給藥前最首要且不可或缺的步驟。 臨床思路：此題考量用藥安全（medication safety）。在所有用藥相關的措施中，病人辨識是第一道也是最重要的防線，優先性最高。確保「對的病人」接受「對的藥」、「對的劑量」、「對的途徑」、「對的時間」、「對的理由」中的「對的病人」是基礎。
Ensuring medication safety is a core nursing responsibility, and the most critical step is correctly identifying the client. Using two client identifiers is a widely adopted safety practice in U.S. healthcare institutions and effectively prevents medication errors, transfusion errors, or errors in any invasive treatment. This includes checking the information on the client's identification band and asking the client to state their full name and date of birth (or medical record number). Only when both pieces of information match is the nurse certain that the order is being carried out for the correct client. Pharmacist verification of orders and timely documentation are also part of safe practice, but client identification is the most fundamental and essential step before any administration. Clinical reasoning: This question concerns medication safety. Among all medication-related actions, client identification is the first and most important line of defense and takes the highest priority. Ensuring the right client among the rights of medication administration (right client, right drug, right dose, right route, right time, right reason) is foundational.