一位接受腹式子宮切除術的病人從麻醉後恢復室（PACU）返回病房。護理師應立即向醫師回報哪項評估結果？
A client returns from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) following an abdominal hysterectomy. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
- ASerosanguineous drainage on the abdominal dressing腹部敷料有漿液血性滲出物
- BUrine output of 25 mL over the past hour✓ 正解過去一小時尿量為 25 mL
- CReport of pain as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10報告疼痛程度為 10 分制中的 7 分
- DAbsent bowel sounds in all four quadrants四個象限均無腸鳴音
術後風險管理的核心是監測器官灌流與早期併發症。尿量（B）是心輸出量與腎灌流最敏感的指標，標準應維持在至少 0.5 mL/kg/hr 或約 30 mL/hr。每小時 25 mL 低於標準，可能提示出血、脫水或急性腎損傷，需立即處理。疼痛 7 分（C）在術後初期常見，可透過止痛藥處理。術後初期腸鳴音消失（D）是麻醉後的正常生理現象（麻痺性腸梗阻）。漿液血性滲出（A）在傷口敷料上是正常演變，除非是鮮紅色大量出血。因此 A 是最危急的信號。
The core of postoperative risk management is to monitor organ perfusion and detect early complications. Urine output (B) is the most sensitive indicator of cardiac output and renal perfusion and should be maintained at a minimum of 0.5 mL/kg/hr or about 30 mL/hr. Urine output of 25 mL/hr is below this threshold and may indicate hemorrhage, dehydration, or acute kidney injury, requiring immediate intervention. Pain rated 7/10 (C) is common in the immediate postoperative period and can be managed with analgesics. Absent bowel sounds early after surgery (D) are normal due to anesthesia-induced paralytic ileus. Serosanguineous drainage (A) on the dressing is normal evolution unless it becomes frank, large-volume bleeding. Therefore B is the most critical finding.
美國 NCLEX 非常強調 30 mL/hr 的底線值；台灣臨床實務中，對於術後首日的尿量監測同樣嚴格，但常會結合血壓與心率趨勢來綜合判斷是否需立即通報。