護理師護理一名使用 Jackson-Pratt 引流管的術後病人，下列哪項評估發現需立即報告外科醫師？
A nurse is caring for a postoperative client with a Jackson-Pratt drain. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the surgeon immediately?
- AThe bulb is compressed and collapsed引流球體處於壓縮且塌陷狀態
- BDrainage changing from serosanguineous to bright red blood✓ 正解引流液由血清血性轉變為鮮紅色血液
- CSmall amount of dark red drainage on the dressing敷料上有少量暗紅色引流液
- DClear, serous fluid drainage清澈的漿液性引流液
Jackson-Pratt (JP) 引流管是術後常見的閉合式引流系統。評估引流液性質是監測術後恢復的核心指標。正常引流液會隨著時間由血性（sanguineous）轉為漿血性（serosanguineous），最後變為漿液性（serous）。若引流液突然轉為鮮紅色，暗示傷口內部可能有活動性出血（active hemorrhage），這屬於緊急狀況，必須立即報告外科醫師評估是否需要介入。其他選項均為預期的術後表現或正確的設備維護方式。
A sudden change in Jackson-Pratt drain output from serosanguineous to bright red blood suggests active hemorrhage, which is a surgical emergency requiring immediate physician notification. Normal postoperative drainage typically progresses from bloody to serosanguineous and finally to serous. A compressed bulb indicates proper suction function, while small amounts of dark red drainage or clear serous fluid are expected findings during recovery.