— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
照護一位有癲癇病史且正在服用苯妥英（Phenytoin）的病人，護理師應採取何種措施？
Which action should the nurse take when caring for a client with a history of seizures and currently on phenytoin?
- APerform meticulous oral hygiene daily✓ 正解每日執行精細的口腔衛生
- BMonitor blood glucose levels frequently頻繁監測血糖水平
- CAdminister the medication with a glass of milk隨牛奶服用藥物
- DStop the medication if a rash develops若出現皮疹則停止用藥
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
苯妥英的常見副作用是牙齦增生（Gingival hyperplasia），因此每日細緻的口腔護理非常重要。牛奶會影響藥物吸收；皮疹可能為嚴重藥物過敏（如 SJS），需報告醫師評估，不可自行停藥；苯妥英會影響血糖代謝，但口腔護理是護理師最直接能預防的副作用。
A common side effect of phenytoin is gingival hyperplasia, so meticulous daily oral care is very important. Milk affects drug absorption; a rash may indicate a severe drug allergy (such as SJS) and must be reported to the physician for evaluation, but the patient must not stop the medication on their own; phenytoin affects glucose metabolism, but oral care is the side effect a nurse can most directly prevent.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院藥師對於藥物交互作用的監測非常詳盡，台灣則由護理師與醫師共同把關。