一位細菌性肺炎病人入院。護理師預期哪項與氣體交換受損相關的發現？

細菌性肺炎時，肺泡內充滿發炎滲出物，嚴重阻礙了氧氣從肺泡進入微血管的氣體交換過程。這種換氣與灌流（V/Q）失調導致低血氧（Hypoxemia）。雖然發燒、咳嗽和呼吸頻率增加是身體對感染的反應，但低血氧才是氣體交換受損的直接臨床指標。護理師需密切監測 SpO2，並必要時提供氧氣治療，以維持末梢組織的氧氣供應。

In bacterial pneumonia, alveoli fill with inflammatory exudate, severely impairing the transfer of oxygen from alveoli to capillaries. The resulting V/Q mismatch causes hypoxemia. Although fever, cough, and increased respiratory rate are infection responses, hypoxemia is the direct clinical indicator of impaired gas exchange. The nurse must closely monitor SpO2 and provide oxygen as needed to maintain peripheral oxygenation.