— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師即將給予病人靜脈注射氯化鉀 20 mEq，給藥前必須確認哪項資訊？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride 20 mEq. Which action is essential for the nurse to perform before administration?
- AObtain a baseline blood glucose level取得基礎血糖值
- BEnsure the client has eaten a full meal確保病人已食用完整餐點
- CVerify the presence of a patent urine output✓ 正解確認有暢通的尿液排出
- DAssess the client's skin turgor評估病人的皮膚彈性
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈注射氯化鉀（IV Potassium Chloride）屬於高警訊藥物（High-alert medication）。鉀離子主要經由腎臟排泄，若病人無尿或少尿（oliguria），給予靜脈補鉀會導致血鉀濃度迅速飆升，引發致命性心律不整（如心室顫動）。因此，在給藥前確認病人有良好的尿量輸出（Urine output）是確保腎功能正常與補鉀安全的核心步驟。
Intravenous potassium chloride is a high-alert medication. Potassium is excreted mainly through the kidneys; if the patient is anuric or oliguric, IV potassium replacement can cause a rapid rise in serum potassium and trigger lethal dysrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation. Therefore, confirming good urine output before administration is the core step in ensuring normal renal function and safe potassium replacement.