病人被開立鐵劑。護理師應提供哪項衛教？
A client is prescribed an iron supplement. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
- ADiscontinue the medication if constipation occurs若發生便秘請停止用藥
- BTake with an antacid to prevent heartburn與抗酸劑一起服用以預防火燒心
- CExpect black, tarry stools✓ 正解預期會出現黑色柏油樣糞便
- DTake the supplement with coffee與咖啡一起服用補充劑
補充鐵劑（Iron supplement）是治療缺鐵性貧血的常見藥物，護理師需進行衛教以提升病人的服藥順從性及安全性。鐵劑服用後，未被吸收的鐵質會與腸道中的硫化物結合，導致糞便呈現黑色或焦油狀，這是藥物的預期反應，而非消化道出血。此外，鐵劑常見胃腸道副作用如便秘或腹部不適，建議透過增加水分與膳食纖維攝取來改善，而非貿然停藥。同時，需告知病人應避免與咖啡、茶、乳製品或抗酸劑同時服用，因為單寧酸、鈣質與鹼性環境會顯著阻礙鐵的吸收。
Iron supplements are commonly used to treat iron-deficiency anemia, and nurses must provide teaching to enhance medication adherence and safety. After ingestion, unabsorbed iron combines with sulfides in the gut and turns stools black or tarry; this is an expected drug effect, not gastrointestinal bleeding. Iron supplements also have common gastrointestinal side effects such as constipation or abdominal discomfort, which can be alleviated by increasing fluid and dietary fiber rather than discontinuing the medication. In addition, patients should be told to avoid taking iron with coffee, tea, dairy products, or antacids, because tannins, calcium, and an alkaline environment significantly impair iron absorption.