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藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ

病人因急性氣喘發作就診。護理師預期醫師會開立下列何種藥物以達到立即支氣管擴張?

A client presents with an acute asthma attack. The nurse expects the physician to prescribe which medication for immediate bronchodilation?

  • AMontelukast
    Montelukast(孟魯司特)
  • BAlbuterol✓ 正解
    Albuterol(沙丁胺醇)
  • CBeclomethasone
    Beclomethasone(倍氯米松)
  • DSalmeterol
    Salmeterol(沙美特羅)
Explanation · 中文詳解

Albuterol 為短效型乙二型交感神經刺激劑(SABA),具有極快的起效速度,是緩解急性氣喘支氣管痙攣的首選。Salmeterol 為長效型用於維持;Beclomethasone 為類固醇用於長期抗發炎;Montelukast 為白三烯素抑制劑,皆非急性期首選。

Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) with a rapid onset of action, making it the preferred medication for immediate bronchodilation during an acute asthma attack. Other options like montelukast, beclomethasone, and salmeterol are intended for long-term maintenance or prevention rather than acute symptom relief.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美台皆將 Albuterol 視為急性氣喘急救藥物,但美國護理師常教導病人使用定量吸入器 (MDI) 搭配呼吸輔助器。

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