— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
一位病人獲處方萬古黴素(Vancomycin)。護理師應優先採取何種措施以預防「紅人症候群」?
A client is prescribed vancomycin. Which finding should the nurse prioritize to prevent 'Red Man Syndrome'?
- AAdminister an antihistamine prior to the dose在給藥前給予抗組織胺
- BCheck for a history of penicillin allergy確認是否有盤尼西林過敏史
- CEnsure the infusion is administered over at least 60 minutes✓ 正解確保輸注時間至少為 60 分鐘
- DVerify the patient's renal function tests驗證病人的腎功能檢測結果
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群(Red Man Syndrome)是由於萬古黴素輸注速度過快引發組織胺釋放所致。預防的最關鍵策略是控制輸注時間,通常應超過 60 分鐘。抗組織胺僅能減輕症狀而非預防機轉,腎功能監測(D)是防範腎毒性,而非預防紅人症候群。
Administering vancomycin over at least 60 minutes prevents rapid infusion-induced histamine release, which causes Red Man Syndrome. While antihistamines may treat symptoms and renal function monitoring prevents toxicity, controlling the infusion rate is the primary preventive measure.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美方對於 Vancomycin 輸注嚴格規範時間(通常 1g/60min),台灣部分單位會依據不同輸液包裝調整,但原則相同。