— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
病人被開立 Warfarin。下列哪項飲食衛教是必須包含的重點？
A client is prescribed Warfarin. Which dietary instruction is essential to include in the teaching plan?
- AMaintain a consistent daily intake of green leafy vegetables✓ 正解保持每日綠色葉菜類蔬菜攝取量一致
- BAvoid all intake of vitamin K-containing foods避免攝取所有含維生素 K 的食物
- CTake the medication with high-fiber meals to improve absorption隨高纖維餐點服藥以改善吸收
- DIncrease intake of cranberry juice to boost immunity增加蔓越莓汁攝取量以增強免疫力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Warfarin 的機轉是拮抗維生素 K，藉此抑制凝血因子合成。臨床上最關鍵的衛教是「穩定攝取（Consistent Intake）」。病人不需完全禁食深綠色蔬菜，因為蔬菜同時提供其他必要營養。重點在於每天攝取量需固定，避免某日暴增某日全無，以免導致 INR（國際標準化比值）劇烈波動，增加出血或血栓風險。
Warfarin works by antagonizing vitamin K, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of clotting factors. The most critical teaching point is 'consistent intake.' The patient does not need to avoid dark green vegetables entirely, because they also provide other essential nutrients. The key is to keep daily intake stable and avoid large swings from day to day, so as to prevent significant fluctuations in the international normalized ratio (INR) and reduce the risk of bleeding or thrombosis.