下列哪種情況需要護理師填寫異常事件報告（Incident Report）？
Which situation requires the nurse to complete an incident report?
- AA nurse discovers a medication was given 30 minutes later than scheduled.護理師發現藥物比預定時間晚給藥 30 分鐘。
- BA client's family member complains about the quality of hospital food.病患的家屬抱怨醫院食物的品質。
- CA client falls while walking to the bathroom but suffers no apparent injury.✓ 正解病患在步行前往廁所時跌倒，但未見明顯傷害。
- DThe physician changes the client's diet from NPO to clear liquids.醫師將病患的飲食從 NPO 改為清流質。
異常事件報告用於記錄不符合標準醫療運作的情況，特別是涉及病人意外（如跌倒）時，不論是否有受傷（C），都必須填寫以進行品質改善。家屬抱怨食物（B）通常記在客戶服務記錄；給藥延誤 30 分鐘（A）若在醫院容許窗口內常不需報告；醫囑變更（D）是正常流程。
An incident report is used to document situations that do not meet standard medical practice, especially when client accidents (such as falls) are involved. Regardless of whether injury occurred (C), it must be completed for quality improvement purposes. A family complaint about food (B) is generally recorded in customer service logs; a 30-minute medication delay (A) often does not require reporting if it falls within the hospital's permissible window; a change in physician orders (D) is part of normal workflow.
美國強調 Incident Report 不得放入病人病歷（以免法律訴訟發現）；台灣則逐漸建立不處分、誠實申報的文化。