下列哪項護理措施最能預防深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）？

深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）的預防關鍵在於「促進靜脈血液回流」。壓力襪（Compression stockings）或間歇性充氣加壓裝置（SCDs）透過外在壓力擠壓下肢靜脈，加速血液回流，防止血液淤積形成血栓。禁止按摩小腿是因為若已有隱匿性血栓，按摩可能導致血栓脫落引發肺栓塞（PE）。鼓勵臥床反而會導致血流淤積，增加 DVT 風險，故應鼓勵早期下床活動。限水會使血液黏稠度增加，同樣增加血栓風險。

The key to preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is to 'promote venous return.' Compression stockings or sequential compression devices (SCDs) compress the lower extremity veins externally, accelerating venous return and preventing blood stasis that can lead to clot formation. Massaging the calves is prohibited because if an occult thrombus is present, massage may dislodge it and trigger pulmonary embolism (PE). Encouraging bed rest actually leads to blood stasis and increases the risk of DVT; clients should be encouraged to ambulate early. Fluid restriction increases blood viscosity, which likewise increases the risk of thrombosis.