— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護使用硫酸鎂治療子癇前症的病人，發現哪些徵象應立即通知醫師？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate for pre-eclampsia. Which findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately? (Select all that apply.)
- ARespiratory rate of 10 breaths/min✓ 正解呼吸頻率為每分鐘 10 次
- BAbsent patellar deep tendon reflexes✓ 正解膝腱反射消失
- CUrine output of 40 mL/hr尿量為每小時 40 mL
- DSerum magnesium level of 9 mg/dL✓ 正解血清鎂濃度為 9 mg/dL
- EPresence of fine hand tremors出現細微的手部震顫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
硫酸鎂中毒的三大徵象為呼吸抑制（<12 次/分）、深層肌腱反射消失及尿量減少（<30 mL/hr）。當血鎂濃度過高（>8-9 mg/dL）時，極易發生神經肌肉抑制。選項 C 為正常範圍；選項 E 並非硫酸鎂中毒之典型表現。
The three cardinal signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity are respiratory depression (<12 breaths/min), loss of deep tendon reflexes, and decreased urine output (<30 mL/hr). When serum magnesium becomes excessively high (>8-9 mg/dL), neuromuscular depression occurs readily. Option C is within the normal range; option E is not a typical manifestation of magnesium sulfate toxicity.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆依據 protocol 定時評估 reflex 及 vital signs，若出現毒性徵象，護理師應主動停藥並準備葡萄糖酸鈣。