— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人因嚴重感染正在接受萬古黴素的連續輸注。護理師應密切監測哪個生命徵象，以發現紅人症 (Red Man Syndrome) 的跡象？
A client is receiving a continuous infusion of vancomycin for a serious infection. The nurse should monitor which vital sign closely for signs of Red Man Syndrome?
- APulse rate脈搏速率
- BRespiratory rate✓ 正解呼吸速率
- CBlood pressure血壓
- DTemperature體溫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症 (Red Man Syndrome) 是由於萬古黴素 (vancomycin) 輸注速度過快，導致組織胺 (histamine) 大量釋放所引發的類過敏反應。典型症狀包括臉部、頸部、胸部及背部潮紅、搔癢及低血壓。當出現呼吸道受累（如喘鳴、呼吸急促）時，代表反應嚴重，需立即停止輸注並評估呼吸狀態。
Red Man Syndrome is a histamine-mediated reaction to rapid vancomycin infusion, characterized by flushing and potentially severe respiratory distress. Monitoring the respiratory rate is critical because respiratory compromise, such as wheezing or dyspnea, indicates a serious reaction requiring immediate cessation of the infusion.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理指引嚴格要求萬古黴素輸注時間至少需 60 分鐘以上，且針對劑量超過 1g 者，臨床常建議延長至 90-120 分鐘以預防此反應。