一位老年病人因髖部骨折入院，其女兒擁有「醫療委任代理人（DPOA）」資格。在何種情況下，女兒會替病人做醫療決定？
An older adult client is admitted with a hip fracture. The client's daughter has a durable power of attorney for healthcare. Under what circumstances will the daughter make decisions for the client?
- AWhen the client is unable to make or communicate decisions for themselves✓ 正解當病人無法為自己做出或溝通決定時
- BImmediately upon the client's admission to the hospital病人住院時立即
- CWhenever the daughter disagrees with the client's decisions只要女兒不同意病人的決定
- DOnly when the physician determines the client is terminally ill僅當醫師確定病人為末期病患時
醫療委任代理人（DPOA）僅在病人失去決策能力（如昏迷、嚴重認知功能障礙或無法溝通）時才會啟動。只要病人清醒且具備決定能力，即便是已簽署 DPOA，仍由病人本人行使自主權。這與生前遺囑（Living Will）不同，後者通常涉及末期治療意願。
A durable power of attorney for healthcare (DPOA) is activated only when the client lacks the capacity to make or communicate medical decisions. As long as the client is conscious and competent, they retain the right to make their own healthcare choices, regardless of the daughter's legal status. This differs from a living will, which typically addresses end-of-life care preferences.
美國法律明確區分 DPOA 與一般家屬權利；台灣《病人自主權利法》已接軌，但傳統上家屬集體決策仍較普遍。