護理師在處理病人要求對家屬隱瞞病情時面臨倫理困境。哪項原則應引導護理師的決策？
A nurse encounters an ethical dilemma regarding a client's request to withhold information from their family. Which principle should guide the nurse's decision?
- AAutonomy✓ 正解自主權
- BBeneficence行善原則
- CJustice正義原則
- DNon-maleficence不傷害原則
倫理原則中的「自主權」（Autonomy）強調尊重病人對自己健康資訊的決策，包含選擇誰能獲知病情。即便家屬有知情需求，只要病人具備決策能力且明確表示拒絕告知，護理師必須捍衛病人的隱私與自主權，這是護理倫理的核心。
Among ethical principles, autonomy emphasizes respecting the client's right to make decisions about their own health information, including who is permitted to be informed of their condition. Even when family members feel a need to know, as long as the client has decision-making capacity and explicitly refuses disclosure, the nurse must defend the client's privacy and autonomy, which is at the core of nursing ethics.
美國極度重視 HIPAA 與病人隱私，即便面對家屬也要嚴格執行；台灣受儒家文化影響，家庭成員常共同決策，護理師常需處理家庭與病人的倫理拉鋸。