發生針扎後，首要行動為何？
What is the primary action to take after a needlestick injury?
- AApply an antiseptic solution塗抹消毒溶液
- BReport the incident to the supervisor immediately立即向主管通報此事件
- CWash the area thoroughly with soap and water✓ 正解用肥皂和水徹底清洗患處
- DSqueeze the site to make it bleed擠壓傷口使其出血
針扎（Needlestick injury）屬於職業暴露，首要目標是透過物理方式減少病原體負載。立即以肥皂與清水洗滌傷口（至少 15 分鐘）是預防血液傳染病感染最有效的初步措施。擠壓傷口會造成組織微血管損傷，反而可能讓病毒更容易進入血液循環系統。報告事件固然重要，但物理清潔屬於「立即性生命安全/感染控制」的第一優先級。
A needlestick injury is an occupational exposure, and the primary goal is to reduce pathogen load through physical means. Immediately washing the wound with soap and water (for at least 15 minutes) is the most effective initial measure for preventing bloodborne infections. Squeezing the wound damages microvasculature in the tissue, which may instead facilitate viral entry into the bloodstream. Reporting the incident is important but follows the principle of immediate life safety and infection control.
美國醫院針對針扎事件有嚴格的職業安全健康管理局（OSHA）規範，針扎後必須立即完成傷口沖洗（Wash），接著執行「針扎後預防投藥（PEP）評估」，通常需在 2 小時內完成初步評估。