下列何者為抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群 (SIADH) 病人的預期臨床發現？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following findings are expected in a client with SIADH? (Select all that apply.)
- ADilutional hyponatremia✓ 正解稀釋性低血鈉
- BHigh urine specific gravity✓ 正解高尿比重
- CFluid volume deficit體液不足
- DDecreased serum osmolality✓ 正解血清滲透壓降低
- EWeight gain without edema✓ 正解無水腫的體重增加
SIADH（抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群）是因為腦下垂體分泌過多抗利尿激素，導致腎臟過度重吸收水分，造成血液被稀釋。臨床表現包括：稀釋性低血鈉、體重增加（水分滯留）、尿液比重升高（濃縮尿）以及血清滲透壓下降。儘管體液容積增加，但因水分主要在細胞內，病人通常不會出現明顯的周邊水腫。護理重点是限制水分與監測電解質。
SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion) occurs when the posterior pituitary secretes excessive antidiuretic hormone, causing the kidneys to reabsorb excessive water and diluting the blood. Clinical manifestations include dilutional hyponatremia, weight gain (water retention), elevated urine specific gravity (concentrated urine), and decreased serum osmolality. Although fluid volume is increased, water is mainly intracellular, so significant peripheral edema is typically absent. Nursing care focuses on fluid restriction and electrolyte monitoring.