— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備為病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀，哪項護理措施對病人安全至關重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV piggyback to a client. Which nursing action is essential for patient safety?
- AMaintaining the client in a supine position throughout the infusion在整個輸注過程中保持病人仰臥
- BAdministering the medication as an IV bolus push作為靜脈推注快速給予藥物
- CEnsuring the infusion rate is 10 mEq per minute確保輸注速率為每分鐘 10 mEq
- DVerifying the presence of a patent IV line before infusion✓ 正解在輸注前確認靜脈管路暢通
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀具有高度腐蝕性與心臟毒性。靜脈輸注鉀離子時，確認血管通暢（patency）以防止藥液外滲造成組織壞死是護理的核心安全職責。絕對禁止直接靜脈推注（IV push），且輸注速率需嚴格控制，通常不得超過 10-20 mEq/hr。
Potassium chloride is highly corrosive and cardiotoxic. During IV potassium infusion, confirming vascular patency to prevent extravasation and tissue necrosis is the nurse's core safety responsibility. Direct IV push is absolutely prohibited, and the infusion rate must be strictly controlled, generally not exceeding 10-20 mEq/hr.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床皆嚴格禁止 KCl 推注，但台灣對輸液幫浦的依賴度普遍較高，護理師需確認幫浦設定。