— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師準備靜脈輸注氯化鉀，應採取哪些安全措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV. Which safety actions are required? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify that the dose does not exceed 10 mEq/hour for peripheral lines✓ 正解確認周邊靜脈給藥劑量不超過 10 mEq/小時
- BEnsure the medication is administered via an infusion pump✓ 正解確保使用輸液幫浦給藥
- CCheck for patency of the IV site before infusion✓ 正解輸注前檢查靜脈通路是否暢通
- DAdminister the drug as an IV bolus push以靜脈推注方式給藥
- EMonitor for cardiac rhythm changes during infusion✓ 正解輸注期間監測心律變化
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀具有極高危險性，絕不可進行 IV Push（會導致心跳停止）。正確給藥原則包括：必須使用輸液幫浦控制速度、周邊靜脈每小時不超過 10-20 mEq、必須確認靜脈管路通暢以防外滲（具強烈刺激性），且期間須監測心電圖以防高血鉀引發之心律不整。
Potassium chloride is extremely dangerous and must never be given as an IV push (which causes cardiac arrest). Correct administration principles include: an infusion pump must be used to control the rate; the peripheral IV rate must not exceed 10-20 mEq/hr; the venous line must be confirmed patent to prevent extravasation (it is highly irritating); and the ECG must be monitored to guard against arrhythmias caused by hyperkalemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於高警訊藥物（High-Alert Medications）的給藥確認程序均極為嚴謹，皆需雙人核對。