一位慢性腎臟病（CKD）病人應避免食用下列哪種食物？

慢性腎臟病（CKD）病人的腎絲球過濾率（GFR）下降，導致排泄鉀離子（Potassium）的能力受損，容易引發致命性的高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）。因此，飲食控制的核心是限制高鉀食物攝取。香蕉含有豐富的鉀，是 CKD 病人的禁忌食物。其他選項如白飯、蘋果汁與高麗菜通常鉀含量相對較低，在適量範圍內屬於安全性較高的食物選擇。

In clients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) impairs the kidneys' ability to excrete potassium, predisposing the client to life-threatening hyperkalemia. Therefore, the core of dietary management is to restrict high-potassium foods. Bananas are rich in potassium and are contraindicated for CKD clients. Other options such as white rice, apple juice, and cabbage are generally relatively low in potassium and, in moderate amounts, are considered safer dietary choices.