— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位慢性腎臟病（CKD）病人。下列哪項檢驗數據是預期會出現的？
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which laboratory finding is expected in this client?
- AHypokalemia低血鉀症
- BHypercalcemia高血鈣症
- CHypomagnesium低血鎂症
- DHyperphosphatemia✓ 正解高血磷症
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
慢性腎臟病病人因腎絲球過濾率（GFR）下降，導致無法有效排出磷離子，出現高血磷（Hyperphosphatemia）。高血磷會與血鈣結合，導致低血鈣。同時，腎臟排鉀功能受損，通常會出現高血鉀而非低血鉀。鎂離子通常也會隨腎功能下降而蓄積。
In chronic kidney disease (CKD), declining GFR impairs phosphate excretion, producing hyperphosphatemia. The retained phosphorus binds calcium, leading to hypocalcemia. Impaired potassium excretion typically causes hyperkalemia rather than hypokalemia, and magnesium also tends to accumulate as renal function declines.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對於 CKD 病人飲食磷控制的衛教同樣重視，美國護理師常主導磷結合劑的衛教與服藥指導。