— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師教導一位病人使用誘發性肺量計（incentive spirometer）。哪項說明最為關鍵？
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an incentive spirometer. What is the most critical instruction to provide?
- AInhale slowly and deeply to raise the piston✓ 正解緩慢且深層地吸氣以提升活塞
- BUse the device once per day每天使用一次
- CKeep the mouth closed around the mouthpiece嘴唇緊閉環繞咬嘴
- DExhale as hard as you can into the device用力向裝置內呼氣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
誘發性肺量計（Incentive Spirometer, IS）的核心目的是透過「吸氣」訓練，促進肺泡擴張（alveolar expansion），預防術後肺塌陷（atelectasis）及肺炎。正確的使用方式是緩慢且深層的吸氣，這能產生負壓，使氣體均勻分佈至肺底。用力吹氣或過快呼吸無法達到目標體積，反而可能導致過度換氣或疲勞。
The core purpose of an incentive spirometer (IS) is to promote alveolar expansion through inspiratory training, preventing postoperative atelectasis and pneumonia. The correct technique involves slow, deep inhalation, which generates negative pressure and allows even distribution of air to the lung bases. Forceful exhalation or rapid breathing cannot achieve the target volume and may instead cause hyperventilation or fatigue.