— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為病人靜脈注射萬古黴素時，觀察到病人的頸部與上軀幹出現潮紅。護理師首要採取的措施為何？
A nurse is administering IV vancomycin to a client. The nurse observes flushing of the neck and upper torso. What is the priority nursing action?
- AAdminister an antihistamine immediately立即給予抗組織胺
- BSlow the infusion rate✓ 正解減慢輸注速度
- CObtain vital signs and document測量生命徵象並記錄
- DDiscontinue the medication permanently永久停用該藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此臨床表現稱為紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），是由於萬古黴素輸注速度過快引發的組胺釋放反應。處理原則是減慢輸注速度或暫停輸注，待症狀緩解後再調整速度繼續給藥，而非將其視為永久性過敏。抗組織胺僅為輔助，並非最優先的改變給藥行為之步驟。
This clinical picture is known as red man syndrome, a histamine release reaction triggered by infusing vancomycin too rapidly. Management consists of slowing or temporarily stopping the infusion until symptoms resolve, then resuming at a slower rate; it should not be treated as a permanent allergy. Antihistamines play only an adjunctive role and are not the highest-priority intervention to modify the administration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆視紅人症候群為常見輸注反應，但美國藥師參與藥物調整機率較高，台灣護理師常需先行減慢並主動回報。