— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位頭部受傷病人出現多尿且尿比重降低。護理師預期會給予什麼藥物?
A client with a head injury develops polyuria and low urine specific gravity. Which medication should the nurse expect to administer?
- AFurosemideFurosemide(呋塞米)
- BHydrochlorothiazideHydrochlorothiazide(氫氯噻嗪)
- CMannitolMannitol(甘露醇)
- DDesmopressin✓ 正解Desmopressin(去氨加壓素)
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
頭部外傷導致下視丘損傷,使抗利尿激素(ADH)分泌不足,引起中樞性尿崩症(Diabetes Insipidus),特徵為多尿、低尿比重與高血鈉。去氨加壓素(Desmopressin)為人工合成的 ADH,可有效控制症狀。
Head trauma can injure the hypothalamus and decrease secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), resulting in central diabetes insipidus, characterized by polyuria, low urine specific gravity, and hypernatremia. Desmopressin, a synthetic ADH analogue, effectively controls the symptoms.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床上對於中樞性尿崩症的給藥常需神經外科醫師會診,護理師需特別監測血鈉濃度。