— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師應預期紅斑性狼瘡 (SLE) 病人出現哪種臨床發現？
Which clinical finding should the nurse expect in a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
- APersistent high fever and productive cough持續的高燒和有痰咳嗽
- BUnilateral joint pain單側關節疼痛
- CHeberden's nodes on fingers手指上的赫伯登氏結節
- DButterfly rash across the nose and cheeks✓ 正解跨越鼻子和臉頰的蝴蝶斑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全身性紅斑性狼瘡 (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, SLE) 是一種複雜的慢性自體免疫疾病，其特徵是免疫系統錯誤地攻擊自身組織和器官，導致全身多系統發炎。臨床表現多樣，可影響皮膚、關節、腎臟、心臟、肺部、腦部等。護理師在評估 SLE 病人時，應著重於辨識疾病的典型症狀，這些症狀有助於診斷並指導後續的照護計畫。本題旨在測試護理師對 SLE 經典皮膚表現的認知，這是臨床上常見且重要的發現。
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multisystem inflammation. A classic clinical finding is the malar or 'butterfly' rash across the nose and cheeks, whereas symptoms like productive cough, unilateral joint pain, or Heberden's nodes are not typical of SLE.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對 SLE 症狀描述一致，但美國常考防曬教育的重要性。