一位住院病人出現失眠，護理師應優先採取哪項措施以促進睡眠？
A client is experiencing insomnia in the hospital. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize to promote sleep?
- AAdminister a PRN sleeping medication immediately立即給予處方之備用安眠藥
- BKeep the light in the hallway bright for safety保持走廊燈光明亮以確保安全
- CIncrease the room temperature to make it cozy提高室溫以營造舒適感
- DCluster nursing care activities to minimize interruptions✓ 正解集中護理活動以減少干擾
住院病人睡眠品質常受頻繁護理干擾。統合（Clustering）護理活動，例如將換液、測量生命徵象、給藥等程序安排在同一時段完成，可大幅減少對病人睡眠的干擾。這是非藥物促進睡眠的首要策略。藥物治療應作為最後手段，且增加室溫或開燈通常會影響入睡，非理想做法。創造安靜且不被打擾的長段休息時間，是護理師能落實的最有效措施。
Hospitalized clients commonly experience poor sleep due to frequent nursing interruptions. Clustering nursing care activities, such as performing IV changes, vital signs, and medication administration during the same time block, significantly reduces interruptions to the client's sleep. This is the foremost nonpharmacologic strategy to promote sleep. Medication should be reserved as a last resort, while raising the room temperature or keeping the light on usually impairs sleep onset. Creating a quiet, undisturbed block of rest is the single most effective measure a nurse can implement.