下列哪些行為顯示護理師正在維護病人的隱私？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions indicate that a nurse is protecting the client's privacy? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiscussing lab results in the hallway with a colleague在走廊與同事討論檢驗結果
- BEnsuring the computer screen is turned away from public view✓ 正解確保電腦螢幕朝向避開公眾視線
- CDrawing curtains before performing a physical examination✓ 正解進行身體檢查前拉上床簾
- DProviding medical records to the client's employer upon request應雇主要求提供病人病歷
- EDiscussing the condition only with family members listed by the client✓ 正解僅與病人指定的家屬討論病情
維護隱私是《健康保險流通與責任法案》（HIPAA）的核心要求。護理師必須在物理空間、資訊存取及溝通對象上嚴格把關。正確行為包括保護螢幕避免他人窺視、檢查時提供遮蔽以維持尊嚴，以及僅與獲得病人授權的人士討論病情。未經同意洩漏資訊給雇主或在公共場所談論病人隱私皆為違規，護理師應具備高度的隱私敏感度，優先保護個案權益。
Protecting privacy is a core requirement of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). The nurse must rigorously safeguard the physical space, access to information, and the audience of any communication. Correct behaviors include shielding the computer screen from public view, providing curtains during examinations to maintain dignity, and discussing the client's condition only with people authorized by the client. Disclosing information to an employer without consent or discussing client information in public areas violates privacy rules. Nurses must demonstrate high sensitivity to privacy and prioritize the client's rights.
在美國，HIPAA 法規對隱私洩漏的法律責任極重。台灣雖有個資法，但美國臨床環境更強調「Need to know」原則，即便是同院同事，若無照護必要亦不得查閱個案資訊。