一位病人術後表現出憂鬱徵象，下列哪些護理措施有助於提升其心理社會福祉？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting signs of depression following a major surgery. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for promoting psychosocial well-being? (Select all that apply.)
- AEncourage participation in daily activities✓ 正解鼓勵參與日常活動
- BAllow the client to isolate as much as they want允許病人盡可能隔離
- CValidate the client's feelings of sadness✓ 正解確認病人悲傷的感受
- DFacilitate family visits to promote social support✓ 正解促進家屬探視以提供社會支持
- EFocus conversations solely on the recovery progress對話僅聚焦於康復進展
術後憂鬱症（Postoperative depression）是常見的心理反應。護理介入應聚焦於重建病人的控制感、提供情感支持及連結社會支持系統。鼓勵參與日常活動能增強自我效能感，驗證感受則能建立治療性關係，而促進親友探視則能降低隔離感。反之，鼓勵隔離或僅談論醫療進度會忽視病人的心理需求，甚至加重其孤獨感。
Postoperative depression is a common psychological response. Nursing interventions should focus on reestablishing the client's sense of control, providing emotional support, and connecting the client with the social support system. Encouraging participation in daily activities enhances self-efficacy; validating feelings establishes a therapeutic relationship; and facilitating family visits reduces feelings of isolation. Conversely, encouraging isolation or focusing only on medical progress ignores the client's psychological needs and may worsen loneliness.